Pronouns
(Pronombres)
See the contrastive Table on the Origin
of the Pronouns in the modern Romance languages.
Personal
and Reflexive Pronouns (Pronombres
Personales y Reflexivos).
Num-
ber |
Person |
Subject |
Direct
Object |
Indirect
Object |
Object
of Circum-
stance |
| non-prepositional |
prepositional |
|
Sg.
|
1st
|
mf
|
yo I
|
me me
|
me to
me
|
a mí to
me
|
conmigo
with me
|
|
2nd
|
mf
|
tú you
|
te you
|
te to
you
|
a tí to
you
|
contigo with
you
|
|
3rd
|
m
|
él he
|
lo / le him
|
le to
him / her
|
a él to
him
|
con él
|
|
f
|
ella she
|
la her
|
a ella to
her
|
con ella
|
|
n
|
ello it
|
lo it
|
a ello to
it
|
con ello
|
|
polite
|
m
|
usted you
|
le you
|
a usted to
you
|
con usted
|
|
f
|
la you
|
|
reflex.
|
--
|
se
him/her/itself
|
se
to him/her/itself
|
a sí
to him/herself
|
consigo with
him/her/itself
|
|
Pl.
|
1st
|
m
|
nosotros we
|
nos us
|
nos to
us
|
a nosotros to
us
|
con nosotros
|
|
f
|
nosotras we
|
a nosotras to
us
|
con nosotras
|
|
2nd
|
m
|
vosotros you
|
vos you
|
vos to
you
|
a vosotros to
you
|
con vosotros
|
|
f
|
vosotras you
|
a vosotras to
you
|
con vosotros
|
|
3rd
|
m
|
ellos they
|
los them
|
les to
them
|
a ellos to
them
|
con ellos
|
|
f
|
ellas they
|
las them
|
a ellas to
them
|
con ellas
|
|
polite
|
m
|
ustedes you
|
les / los you
|
a ustedes
to you
|
con ustedes
|
|
f
|
las you
|
|
reflex.
|
--
|
se
themselves
|
se
themselves
|
a sí
to themselves
|
consigo
with themselves
|
Note: The forms conmigo,
contigo,
consigo
inherit the
classical Latin forms mecum, tecum,
secum.
In Latin they are obtained by suffixing the preposition cum (Late
Latin con
with) at the pronouns;
in Spanish the preposition con is prefixed at the pronouns.
The same phenomenon is preserved in
modern Portuguese
also, while in Italian these forms are used in the old poetic texts.
Possessive
Pronouns (Pronombres Posesivos)
| Person |
One
owner |
Many
owners |
|
singular
|
plural
|
singular
|
plural
|
|
1st
|
masculine
|
(el) mio
|
(los) mios
|
(el) nuestro
|
(los) nuestros
|
|
feminine
|
(la) mia
|
(las) mias
|
(la) nuestra
|
(las) nuestras
|
|
neuter
|
(lo) mio
|
--
|
(lo) nuestro
|
--
|
|
2nd
|
masculine
|
(el) tuyo
|
(los) tuyos
|
(el) vuestro
|
(los) vuestros
|
|
feminine
|
(la) tuya
|
(las) tuias
|
(la) vuestra
|
(las) vuestras
|
|
neuter
|
(lo) tuyo
|
--
|
(lo) nuestro
|
--
|
|
3rd
|
masculine
|
(el) suyo
|
(los) suyos
|
(el) suyo
|
(los) suyos
|
|
feminine
|
(la) suya
|
(las) suas
|
(la) suya
|
(las) suyas
|
|
neuter
|
(lo) suyo
|
--
|
(lo) suyo
|
--
|
Demonstrative
Pronouns
(Pronombres Demonstrativos)
|
Variable
|
Invariable
(Neuter)
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
|
Masculine
|
Feminine
|
Masculine
|
Feminine
|
|
éste this
|
ésta
|
éstos
|
éstas
|
ésto this
|
|
ese this
/ that
|
ésa
|
éses
|
ésas
|
|
aquél that
|
aquélla
|
aquéllos
|
aquéllas
|
éso this
|
|
el mísmo himself
|
la mísma
|
los mísmos
|
las mísmas
|
|
el otro the
other
|
la otra
|
los otros
|
las otras
|
aquéllo that
|
|
tál such
|
táles
|
Relative
Pronouns (Pronombres Relativos)
.
|
Variable
|
Invariable
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
|
Masculine
|
Feminine
|
Masculine
|
Feminine
|
|
el que who
|
la que
|
los que
|
las que
|
que who
|
|
(el) cual who
|
(la) cual
|
(los) cuales
|
(las) cuales
|
|
cuyo whose
|
cuya
|
cuyos
|
cuyas
|
quien who,
whom
|
|
cuanto as
much/many as
|
cuanta
|
cuantos
|
cuantas
|
Interrogative
Pronouns
(Pronombres Interrogativos).
|
Variable
|
Invariable
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
|
Masculine
|
Feminine
|
Masculine
|
Feminine
|
|
¿quién? who?
|
¿quiénes?
|
¿qué? who?
what?
how much / many?
|
|
¿cuál? what?
|
¿cuáles?
|
|
¿cuánto?
how
much / many?
|
¿cuánta?
|
¿cuántos?
|
¿cuántas?
|
Indefinite
Pronouns (Pronombres Indefinidos).
|
Variable
|
Invariable
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
|
Masculine
|
Feminine
|
Masculine
|
Feminine
|
|
alguno somebody
|
alguna
|
algunos
|
algunas
|
alguien someone
algo something
cada cual everyone
|
|
todo everybody
|
toda
|
todos
|
todas
|
|
--
|
--
|
varios some,
few
|
varias
|
|
tanto as
much
|
tanta
|
tantos
|
tantas
|
|
uno (some)one,
everyone
|
una
|
unos
|
unas
|
|
cada uno (some)one,
everyone
|
cada una
|
cada unos
|
cada unas
|
|
quienquiera whoever
|
quienesquiera
|
|
cualquiera whoever,
whatever
|
cualesquiera
|
Negative
Pronouns (Pronombres Negativos)
.
|
Variable
|
Invariable
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
|
Masculine
|
Feminine
|
Masculine
|
Feminine
|
|
ninguno nobody
|
ninguna
|
ningunos
|
ningunas
|
nadie no
one
nada nothing
|
Next
Topic
Previous
Topic
Descriptive Spanish
Grammar
Spanish
Language Main Page
Modern
Romance Languages Main Page
Orbis
Latinus Main Page
This page
is part of Orbis Latinus
© Zdravko
Batzarov