Declension (Declinatio)

The circumflex accent ( ˆ ) is used to denote the length of the vowels.
 
 
The inflection of nouns, adjectives, pronouns and participles to designate gender, number and case was called by the grammarians declension (declinatio).
    There are five declensional types in Latin, that are recognized by their terminations in genitive singular.
    The dictionaries always indicate the genitive of the nouns and adjectives.
 
 
Table of the declensional types
Declinatio
Nominativus singularis
Genitivus singularis
I
II
III
IV
V
 rôsa rose
pôpulus people
rector driver, governor
gradus degree
fides faith		 rôsae
pôpuli
rectôris
gradûs
fidei

Table of the case terminations

 
I decl.
II decl.
III decl.
IV decl.
V decl.
fm
 m                  n mf             n mf              n
f
Nom.
Gen.
Dat.
Acc.
Abl.
Voc.
-a
-ae
-ae
-am
-â
-a
 -us, -er ,-ir; -um
-i
-o
-um
-o
-e, -er, -ir; um
different
-is
-i
-em (-im); =Nom. -e (-i)
=Nom.
-us               -u
-us
-ui               -u
-um              -u
-u
-us               -u
-es
-ei
-ei
-em
-e
-es
Nom.
Gen.
Dat.
Acc.
Abl.
Voc.
-ae
-ârum
-is
-as
-is
-ae
-i               -a
-ôrum
-is
-os             -a
-is
-i              -a
-es        -a (-ia)
-um (-ium)
-ibus
-es        -a (-ia)
-ibus
-es        -a (-ia)
-us            -ua
-uum
-ibus (-ubus)
-us            -ua
-ibus (-ubus)
-us            -ua
-es
-êrum
-êbus
-es
-êbus
-es


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